Pure enantiomers of benzoylamino-tranylcypromine: LSD1 inhibition, gene modulation in human leukemia cells and effects on clonogenic potential of murine promyelocytic blasts

Eur J Med Chem. 2015 Apr 13:94:163-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.02.060. Epub 2015 Mar 3.

Abstract

The pure enantiomers of the N-(2-, 3-, and 4-(2-aminocyclopropyl)phenyl)benzamides hydrochlorides 11a-j were prepared and tested against LSD1 and MAO enzymes. The evaluation of the regioisomers 11a-j highlighted a net increase of the anti-LSD1 potency by shifting the benzamide moiety from ortho to meta and mainly to para position of tranylcypromine phenyl ring, independently from their trans or cis stereochemistry. In particular, the para-substituted 11a,b (trans) and 11g,h (cis) compounds displayed LSD1 and MAO-A inhibition at low nanomolar levels, while were less potent against MAO-B. The meta analogs 11c,d (trans) and 11i,j (cis) were in general less potent, but more efficient against MAO-A than against LSD1. In cellular assays, all the para and meta enantiomers were able to inhibit LSD1 by inducing Gfi-1b and ITGAM gene expression, with 11b,c and 11g-i giving the highest effects. Moreover, 11b and 11g,h strongly inhibited the clonogenic potential of murine promyelocytic blasts.

Keywords: Epigenetics; Leukemia; Lysine-specific demethylase 1; Stereoisomers; Tranylcypromine.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor / methods
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic / drug effects
  • Histone Demethylases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Humans
  • Leukemia / drug therapy*
  • Leukemia / genetics*
  • Leukemia / pathology
  • Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / drug therapy
  • Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / pathology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred Strains
  • Monoamine Oxidase / metabolism
  • Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Stereoisomerism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Tranylcypromine / chemistry*
  • Tranylcypromine / pharmacology

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
  • Tranylcypromine
  • Histone Demethylases
  • Monoamine Oxidase
  • monoamine oxidase A, human
  • KDM1A protein, human